Coffee Somatic Embryogenesis: How Did Research, Experience Gained and Innovations Promote the Commercial Propagation of Elite Clones From the Two Cultivated Species?

Tags:

• Bioreactors
• cuttings
• innovation
• somaclonal variation
• technology transfer

Attachments

• Etienne et al_2018_Coffee Somatic Embryogenesis.pdf

Bioreactors for Coffee Mass Propagation by Somatic Embryogenesis

Attachments

• Ducos et al_2007_Bioreactors for Coffee Mass Propagation by Somatic Embryogenesis.pdf

Difficulties in the Establishment of Axenic In Vitro Cultures of Field Collected Coffee and Cacao Germplasm

Attachments

• Duhem et al_1988_DIFFICULTIES IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AXENIC IN VITRO CULTURES OF FIELD.pdf

A comparative analysis of the development and quality of nursery plants derived from somatic embryogenesis and from seedlings for large-scale propagation of coffee (Coffea arabica L.)

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/12/2021, 4:37:20 PM)

  "Seeds were sown in a straight line under 2 cm of horticultural soil applying the same growing conditions (type of substrate, planting density, fertilization, shade level, watering frequency) used for pre-germinated somatic embryos. Under these conditions, seedlings with one pair of leaves suitable for transfer to the nursery were obtained after 11 weeks." (p. 299)

  "Plantlets grown from seeds and somatic embryos were transferred to 1-l plastic bags (experimental conditions) or 0.3-l plugs (industrial conditions; Fig. 2d) on a substrate consisting of a peat-based growing medium (Pro-mix; Premier Tech, Riviere-du-Loup, QC, Canada) and coffee pulp (3/1, v/v) under conventional nursery conditions (Fig. 2c, f) until they reached the required size for planting in the field (approx. 30 cm; Fig. 2g)." (p. 299)

  "Upon transfer to the nursery, seedlings were clearly larger, with large cotyledons and a longer hypocotyl, and they seemed to be more vigorous than the somaclones." (p. 304)

  "These differences resulted from slower somaclone growth, longer development time for in vitro pre-germination (12 weeks), and slower plantlet conversion in the greenhouse (15-20 weeks). In contrast, seedlings were ready for transfer to the nursery after only 11 weeks." (p. 304)

  "Due to the impossibility of comparing somaclones and seedlings of the same age (days after germination) in the nursery, we conducted a morphological comparison of somaclones and seedlings of the same size (30 cm)" (p. 305)

  "Even though our method has been improved by selecting pre-germinated embryos in bioreactors and by optimizing acclimatization conditions, we found that heterogeneity between somaclones was still greater than that between seedlings in the industrial nursery setting." (p. 306)

  "As previously reported, this heterogeneity in somaclone development at the nursery level resulted directly from the morphological heterogeneity of somatic embryos produced in bioreactors (Barry-Etienne et al. 2002a)." (p. 306)

  "Somaclonal variation is still a serious bottleneck in various well-developed somatic embryogenesis systems." (p. 306)

  "We previously estimated (Etienne and Bertrand 2001) a 2.1% frequency of morphological variants at the field level in coffee trees regenerated from 6-month-old embryogenic suspensions. Nevertheless, with the improved method reported here, we found only 0.1-0.2% of our sample of 176,421 somaclones in an industrial nursery were somaclonal variants." (p. 306)

  "80% of morphological variants can be detected at the nursery stage, thereby allowing the elimination of unsatisfactory plants and reducing one problem associated with the commercial production of coffee somaclones." (p. 307)

  "The percentage of unsatisfactory plants due to undesirable horticultural attributes is higher with somaclones (around 8-12.5%), but not prohibitive using the technology developed here." (p. 307)

  "It is commonly found in the field that hybrid clones flower after 9-11 months, whereas plants grown from seedlings flower after 21-23 months." (p. 307)

  "We have previously suggested that somaclones are less juvenile than plants derived from seeds. We also found this to be the case in this study, based on the more rapid and more vigorous development of somaclones during the later nursery stages." (p. 307)

Attachments

• Menendez-Yuffa et al_2010_A comparative analysis of the development and quality of nursery plants derived.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Regeneration of somatic embryos in a temporary immersion bioreactor
    • Sowing of pre-germinated somatic embryos and plant conversion in acclimatization tunnels (15--20 weeks)
    • Growth and hardening in the nursery (21 weeks)
    • Experiments
      • Study 1: comparison of somaclones and seed plants---growth in the nursery and morphology
      • Study 2: quality assessment of somaclones produced in an industrial nursery
  • Results
    • Somaclone and seedling growth in the nursery (study 1a)
    • Comparison of aerial and root morphology in somaclones and seedlings in the nursery (study 1b)
      • Ten-centimeter-tall plants (weeks 9--12 in the nursery)
      • Thirty-centimeter-tall plantlets (week 21 in the nursery)
    • Assessment of seedling versus somaclone uniformity in an industrial nursery (study 2a)
    • Evaluation of plant production in an industrial nursery (study 2b)
  • Discussion
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
• Snapshot

In vitro propagation and in vivo acclimatization of three coffee cultivars (Coffea arabica L.) from Yemen

Attachments

• Ebrahim et al_2007_In vitro propagation and in vivo acclimatization of three coffee cultivars.pdf

Pilot scale process for the production of pre-germinated somatic embryos of selected robusta (Coffea canephora) clones

Attachments

• Ducos et al_2007_Pilot scale process for the production of pre-germinated somatic embryos of.pdf

In vitro propagation of the new disease resistant Coffea arabica variety, Batia

Attachments

• Lubabali et al_2014_In vitro propagation of the new disease resistant Coffea arabica variety, Batia.pdf

Direct sowing of Coffea arabica somatic embryos mass-produced in a bioreactor and regeneration of plants

Attachments

• Etienne-Barry et al_1999_Direct sowing of Coffea arabica somatic embryos mass-produced in a bioreactor2.pdf

Confirmation of Transgenic Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) Transformed by Chitinase-encoding Gene and Its Propagation Through Somatic Embryogenesis

Attachments

• Budiani_Mawardi_2005_Confirmation of Transgenic Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) Transformed by.pdf

Application of the extended BBCH scale for the description of the growth stages of coffee (Coffea spp.)

Attachments

• Arcila-Pulgarin et al_2002_Application of the extended BBCH scale for the description of the growth stages.pdf

Embryo Germination Development of Coffea arabica L. at Various Media Composition, Subcultures Stages and Embryo Size

Attachments

• Arimarsetiowati_2017_Embryo Germination Development of Coffea arabica L.pdf

Evidence for new nuclear and mitochondrial genome organizations among high-frequency somatic embryogenesis-derived plants of allotetraploid Coffea arabica L.(Rubiaceae)

Attachments

• Rani et al_2000_Evidence for new nuclear and mitochondrial genome organizations among.pdf
• Snapshot

Micropropagation of Four Coffee Cultivars (Coffea arabica L.) from Yemen through Shoot Tip Culture

Attachments

• AL-Azab et al_2015_Micropropagation of Four Coffee Cultivars (Coffea arabica L.pdf

Regeneration of allotriploid Coffea plants from tissue culture: resolving the propagation problems promoted by irregular meiosis

Attachments

• Sattler et al_2016_Regeneration of allotriploid Coffea plants from tissue culture.pdf

Seed transmission of Fusarium xylarioides in Coffea canephora in Uganda

Attachments

• Hakiza et al_2004_Seed transmission of Fusarium xylarioides in Coffea canephora in Uganda.pdf

Biological effect of gamma irradiation on vegetative propagation of Coffea arabica L

Attachments

• Dada et al_2018_Biological effect of gamma irradiation on vegetative propagation of Coffea.pdf
• Full Text

Influence of light and gibberellin on the germination velocity of coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.).

Notes:

• Silva et al. (2005) and Válio (1976) observed that coffee seeds germinate faster in absence of light. The inhibitory effect of light occurs because it increases the synthesis of gibberellins, and consequently, the production of the enzyme endo-b- mananse. The production of excess mannose, derived from the hydrolysis of reserve hemicelluloses by endo-b-mannanase, probably contributes to the stoppage of germination.

  The research was carried out at the Laboratory of Department of Agriculture Seed Analysis of the Federal University of Lavras, MG. Were used seeds of Coffea arabica L., cultivar Ruby, from the experimental area of improvement of the UFLA coffee tree. the fruits were hand-picked at the cherry stadium, pulped in manual pulper and demucilated by natural fermentation in water for 24 hours in room temperature. Then the seeds were washed and dried in the shade, on paper multifoliate.

  The water content was monitored until the seeds reach 12% humidity. the seeds were stored in paper containers and placed in a cold and dry room (10°C and 60% RH) for 8 months.

  Test I: Gibberellin and light in the germination of
  coffee seeds.
  Sowing was carried out in acrylic boxes gerbox type, with seeds without parchment, over two sheets of blotting paper and under one sheet of germitest paper, moistened with 20 mL of solution of GA3 (100M). The substrate of the witness was moistened with distilled water. the imbibition of seeds was made in light or dark conditions, with gerbox wrapped in aluminum foil. Each gerbox was wrapped in a polyethylene bag, to keep moisture, and placed in a germinator at 30°C.

  Assay II: endogenous gibberellins in germination of coffee seeds.

  Sowing was carried out in gerbox, as described above. The substrate was moistened with 20 ml of the synthesis blocker solution of gibberellin, paclobutrazol.

  Regardless of the light, there was no difference between germination speeds of seeds soaked with water. On the other hand, to the seeds soaked with gibberellin solution 100 µM, the absence of light favored a higher index of germination speed.

  Thus, although the protrusion in the dark has occurred with greater speed, the number of seedlings normals was lower at the end of the test.

  When the seeds were soaked in water, regardless of the environment, was observed a percentage of 91% of germination, against 48% those soaked in GA solution 100 µM.

  According to these authors, this fact occurred due to the increase in the activity of enzymes such as cellulase, provided by acid Gibberellic, which, in this case, acted degrading the cell wall of the embryo.

  As concentration increased of the gibberellin synthesis blocker, it was observed the increase in the number of days needed for 50% of the seeds germinated (Figure 1).

  Similar results were also observed in the germination speed index, that is, there was a reduction as the concentration of paclobutrazol was increased (Figure 1).

  After four months of storage, there was behavior similar to the results obtained before storage, that is, in the dark, there was higher germination speed and shorter time for obtaining 50% germination.

  Paclobutrazol does not reduce the effect of light on germination speed.

Attachments

• Resende et al_2009_Influence of light and gibberellin on the germination velocity of coffee seeds.pdf

Optimation of Auxin and Cytokinin on Enhanced Quality and Weight of Coffea liberica Somatic Embryos

Attachments

• Ardiyani et al_2021_Optimation of Auxin and Cytokinin on Enhanced Quality and Weight of Coffea.pdf
• Snapshot

Photoautotrophic culture of Coffea arabusta somatic embryos: development of a bioreactor for large-scale plantlet conversion from cotyledonary embryos

Attachments

• Afreen et al_2002_Photoautotrophic culture of Coffea arabusta somatic embryos.pdf
• Full Text
• Snapshot

Effects of Albizia gummifera, Millettia ferruginea and Cordia africana leaf litter on the germination of Coffea arabica L. seed.

Notes:

• The donor plants' leaf litter was collected from mature and naturally growing plants within the college compound. The leaves were air dried and ground in the Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources laboratory.

  Finally, the ground leaf litter was uniformly mixed with soil

  Seeds of Coffea arabica were sown the same day the leaf litter was mixed with the nursery bed soil, which occured in May 2011. One hundred undamaged seeds were randomly chosen from the collected seeds and sown using uniform spacing within each plot (1 m-2 areas). The plot was mulched with dried grass (common nursery mulch) in sufficient thickness.

  In this phase [60 days from sowing], none of the treatments has less germination than the control.

  The variation between control and treatments with various level of leaf litter of three agroforestry species was insignificant [at 90 days from sowing].

  no significant variation was observed between control and the various levels of incorporated leaf litter from the three agroforestry species under consideration [at 120 days from sowing].

Attachments

• Snapshot
• Yared_Kebede_2012_Effects of Albizia gummifera, Millettia ferruginea and Cordia africana leaf.pdf

  Contents

  • Page 1

Evaluation of chemical and mechanical methods to promote the seed germination and production of match seedlings of coffee (Coffea arabica) var. Catuaí Rojo.

Notes:

• however, the seeds coffee lacks a latency period, although the presence of the endocarp delays germination.

  Seeds with endocarp present germinate between the 50 and 75 days, being that its removal accelerates the germination in 20 days (Valio, 1980).

  The fact that coffee beans have a very long germination period has caused that many coffee growers justify the purchase of seedlings to local nurserymen

  Coffee seeds ( Coffea arabica ) var. "Red Catuaí", from the National Institute of Agricultural Research, Local Experimental Station Caripe (INIA-Caripe), intended for commercialization as seeds selected.

   Washed sand was used as substrate river that previously underwent disinfection with hot water at 100 ºC. The seeds were buried the day after heat treatment of the substrate and were placed 1 cm deep. Irrigation is carried out on an interday basis.

  The experimental unit consisted of 50 seeds, buried in 12 x 40 x 15 cm plastic planters, for a total of 48, which were kept under the open sky.

   The seeds were physically scarified using a commonly used metal grater for the homemade grating (cheese, carrot, bread, etc.) These treatments consisted of submerging the seeds in water without removing the parchment or endocarp for a time of 24 and 48 hours, they were then buried for evaluation.

  In this trial the seeds were scarified by immersion in battery acid (sulfuric acid 20%) and muriatic acid (hydrochloric acid 10%) for 10, 20 and 30 minutes.

  Concluded the periods of immersion in each of the acids, the seeds were washed in running, potable water, for five minutes, under laboratory conditions, with the aim of removing residues from them and later they dried in the shade and were buried.

  The seed was buried in the substrate without removing the parchment or endocarp and without immersion in water (Amaya, et al. , 1988; Medina et al. , 1987) or acid and without mechanical scarification

  Mechanical scarification treatments with immersion in water for 24 and 48 hours presented the highest percentage of germination in all evaluation times (25, 30, 40 and 50 days later of buried seeds) (Table 3), followed by the mechanical scarification without immersion in water, which presented higher germination percentages to the rest of the treatments.

  The treatments of immersion in water, battery acid and muriatic acid showed germination percentages similar to control at all evaluation times (Table 3).

  And immersion in water for 24 and 48 hours (INM-WATER / 24h and INM-WATER / 48h) did not show differences between them, which suggests that the action of the acid was not effective enough for the removal of endocarp.

  Valio (1980) indicated that the presence endocarp drastically inhibits germination of coffee beans.

  In this regard, Fontanibe (1987) reported that the parchment does not influence the imbibition of water, but possibly constitutes a barrier to diffusion of oxygen, causing a delay and a decrease in total germination and that the most high germination percentages were associated to total scarification treatments of the parchment with electric scarifier and 60% atmosphere oxygen, while mechanical scarification with the Bentall pulper effectively removed the parchment from the seed, but causes damage to the embryo and immersing the seeds in boiling water affected the embryo causing total loss of germination.

  Treatments where coffee seeds are subjected to mechanical scarification plus immersion in water for 24 and 48 hours had the highest germination values ​​and phosphorite formation. Sixty percent of germination occurred at 25 days and phosphorite formation occurred at 30 days of buried the seeds.

  Chemical scarification treatments using commercial acid products muriatic (Opin®) and battery (Copper®) no They offered advantages over the witness.

Attachments

• Coa Urbaez et al_2014_Evaluation of chemical and mechanical methods to promote the seed germination.pdf
• Snapshot

Yield of Coffea arabica grafted onto Coffea canephora in soils infested with nematodes in Mexico

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/14/2021, 3:42:43 PM)

  "the world and severely reduce fruit production. reased significantly due to nematode infestations in cropland (MARBÁN-MENDOZA, 2009; LÓPEZ-LIMA et al., 2015)." (p. 308)

  "nematicides to the soil (VILLAINy et al., 2000). g of the coffee tree has been carried out for more than 45 years (BERTRAND et al., 2001)." (p. 308)

  "t been certified or registered.fea arabica L. grafted on C. canephora have greater growth and coffee bean production over time on land with nematode infestation (FAHL et al., 2001, PRAWOTO & YULIASMARA, 2013). However, when the soil is free of nematodes, there are apparently no advantages to its use." (p. 308)

  "production were expected from rootstocks. uction over three years from six coffee cultivars propagated by seeds was compared to their production when grafted onto Robusta, in soils infested with nematodes in regions of different altitudes." (p. 309)

  "The experimental material consisted of the Coffea arabica L. cultivars Colombia Brote Verde, Colombia Brote Café, Pacamara, Costa Rica 95, Garnica F5, and Aztec Gold obtained of seed germination as well as grafted onto Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner (Robusta coffee)." (p. 309)

  "canephora Pierre ex Froehner (Robusta coffee).f Robusta plants growing in Zentla county at 1000 m altitude that seemed vigorous and without any disease or insect attack." (p. 309)

  "September 1998 in lands infested with nematodes. plants were found to be infested with nematodes such as Meloidogyne spp., Criconemella spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Tylenchus spp., and Paratylenchus (BARRAGÁN, LÓPEZ & MARBAN-MENDOZA, 2000; MARBÁNMENDOZA., 2009)." (p. 309)

  "e/tolerance (CASTRO-e CAICEDO et al., 2010). higher fruit production in the three different altitudes (Table 2); the difference was nearly 39%. In other studies, increases in production were 89% and 151%, depending on the coffee scion/rootstock combination (FAHL et al., 2001)." (p. 310)

  "01). offee scion plants grafted onto Robusta showed an increase in the number of stems and an increase of 52% in total leaf area." (p. 310)

  "r of stems and anr increase of 52% in total leaf area. s, grafted plants showed higher transpiration and higher stomatal conductance rates than non-grafted plants (FAHL et al., 2001)." (p. 310)

  "ral region of Veracruz. characterized by larger d low yield, is recommended for planting in lowland areas since it had better yields at 640 m than at 940 m and 1340 m." (p. 313)

  "ds at 640 m than at 940 m and 1340 m. where genotype x environment interaction has been quantified in the cumulative total of three consecutive years of coffee fruit production in Mexico." (p. 313)

Attachments

• Lopez-Garcia_Cruz-Castillo_2019_Yield of Coffea arabica grafted onto Coffea canephora in soils infested with.pdf
• Snapshot

Development, formation, maturity and germination of seeds from the coffee (Coffea arabica L.) cultivars Mundo Novo and Catuaí.

Attachments

• Furlani Junior et al_2009_Development, formation, maturity and germination of seeds from the coffee.pdf
• Snapshot

High genetic and epigenetic stability in Coffea arabica plants derived from embryogenic suspensions and secondary embryogenesis as revealed by AFLP, MSAP and the phenotypic variation rate

Attachments

• Bodadilla Landey et al_2013_High genetic and epigenetic stability in coffea arabica plants derived from.pdf
• Full Text

Coffea arabica cultivar Ruiru 11 sibs exhibit significant variation in plant regeneration through direct somatic embryogenesis.

Attachments

• Mayoli et al_2018_Coffea arabica cultivar Ruiru 11 sibs exhibit significant variation in plant.pdf
• Snapshot

Effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) Seed Treatment and Types of Potting Mix on the Emergence and Growth of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Seedlings

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/18/2021, 12:22:25 AM)

  "Effective Microorganisms (EM) are microbial inoculants comprised mainly of lactic" (p. 35)

  "acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, yeasts and actinomycetes that are commonly found in soil." (p. 36)

  "The study was conducted at Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, coffee nursery site from November 2011 until June 2012. Jimma is located at approximate geographic coordinates of latitude 07°42'N and longitude of 36°50'E at an altitude of 1710 m above sea level." (p. 37)

  "The EM seed treatment had five levels of different soaking h (3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5 h and control) while the potting mixes had three different proportions of Forest Soil (FS) and EM compost (EMC): (100% FS, 75% FS: 25% EMC and 50% FS: 50% EMC)." (p. 37)

  "Forest soil was collected from the middle of the forest at Eladale farm of the College. It was air dried, manually crushed and passed through 2 mm sieve to remove clods, plant roots and other foreign materials (Yakob et al., 1998). The sieved soil was filled to black polythene bag of 12 cm wide and 25 cm length as per the treatments in proportion to the EM or soil." (p. 37)

  "The EM compost was prepared in a pit from coffee husk, biomass of parthenium and chicken feces with additional 200 mL EM solution which was sprinkled on the compost material at the first pit filling and first turning." (p. 37)

  "Red ripe cherries from coffee cultivar 74-40, which is resistant to Coffee Berry Disease (CBD), were picked and added to water to skim off the floaters that were suspected of poor seed germination and seedling growth. The cherries were then hand pulped and washed off their mucilage with repeated change of water. Then, the seeds were uniformly treated with wood ash to avoid sticking together, cracking of the parchment and to keep away flies during drying under shade. Seeds were then dried to amoisture content of 18-20% and stored under dry and cool condition until sowing time." (p. 38)

  "Four seeds were sown per polythene bag. Thinning to one seedling in a bag was done 90 days after sowing when all normal viable seedlings were expected to emerge." (p. 38)

  "From this study, it can be concluded that soaking coffee seeds in EM solution may not be preferred than soaking in pure water as far as hastening of emergency is concerned. However, better and consistent performance in agronomic parameters (seedling height, number of primary branch and total dry matter content) were evidenced in EM-treated seeds after emergence." (p. 40)

Attachments

• Mohammed et al_2006_Effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) Seed Treatment and Types of Potting Mix.pdf

Individual electrical conductivity test for evaluation of the physiological quality of coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.)

Notes:

• Seeds that gave rise to normal seedlings have lower electrical conductivity values ​​and little variability.

  The dead seed class, by in turn, presented a high variability and values ​​of very high electrical conductivity (Figure 2).

  The high variability of the dead seed class is attributed to the presence of many seeds that, despite of dead, exhibited very high conductivity values. low and those seeds with conductivity values very high, as was to be expected.

  The vast majority of dead seeds that exhibited conductivity values lows was infected by fungi, and a minority had only the deteriorated embryo.

  The seeds were soaked for 96 hours, and the conductivity reading was performed by the SAD-9000-S Automatic Seed Analyzer, which provided the electrical conductivity values ​​of each seed and the lot value in S/cm.

  It should be remembered that the removal of the parchment must be done manually, as several authors warn that mechanical removal causes mechanical damage to the seed, and many times, damage that affected the embryo.

  Seeds with low conductivities and that originated abnormal seedlings were also found, probably due to fungal infection.

  Seeds that showed high conductivity they also gave rise to normal seedlings. this happened mainly in lots of the last harvest, that is, those with the highest physiological quality, and may have been attributed to the presence of mechanical damage to the seed, which did not affect the embryo.

  The electrical conductivity test, by the applied logistic model, using a 70% marketing probability, as in the conventional tests, accepts that batches from the 2002 harvest which have up to 120.5 S/cm of conductivity, in the general, can be marketed.

Attachments

• Full Text

Biotechnological applications for the improvement of coffee (Coffea arabica L.)

Attachments

• Etienne et al_2002_Biotechnological applications for the improvement of coffee (Coffea arabica L.pdf
• Snapshot

Indirect somatic embryogenesis in Coffea with different ploidy levels: a revisiting and updating study

Attachments

• Sanglard et al_2019_Indirect somatic embryogenesis in Coffea with different ploidy levels.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Biological material
    • Nuclear DNA content and DNA ploidy level determination of the explant donors
    • ISE establishment
    • Statistical analysis
    • Chromosome number of the Coffea
  • Results
    • Nuclear DNA content and DNA ploidy level determination of the explant donors
    • Dedifferentiation of explant cells and FC establishment
    • MCSE regeneration
    • Chromosome number of the Coffea FC
  • Discussion
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
• Snapshot

Test of exudates color hues for evaluating the physiological potential of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seeds

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/12/2021, 1:12:13 AM)

  "Six different seed lots of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seeds, cv. "Catuaí 44", were used for the experiment." (p. 214)

  "four subsamples of 50 seeds each (without the parchment) were arranged on top of four sheets of paper towels moistened with sterile distilled H2O, in the proportion of 2.5 times the mass of the dry substrate." (p. 214)

  "The paper towel sheets were then turned into rolls, which were maintained into a seed germinator at 30 ºC (Brasil, 2009)." (p. 214)

  "eight subsamples of 50 seeds each were used. Each subsample was weighed on a 0.001 g precision scale and then placed into plastic cups containing 75 mL of distilled water which were afterwards maintained into a BOD incubator at 25 ºC for 24 h. The electrical conductivity was determined by a conductivimeter." (p. 214)

  "Those seeds were immersed in distilled H2O, for approximately 10 min., for the careful removal of the silvery pellicle with the aid of tweezers for not damaging the seed. Immediately after that procedure, the seeds were arranged (with the flat side in contact with two sheets of paper towels moistened with sterile distilled H2O, in the proportion of 2.5 times the mass of the dry substrate) and placed on top of aluminum mesh screens coupled to a gerbox containing 40 mL of sterile distilled H2O at the bottom. The gerbox were then lidded and placed into a germinator at 25 ºC, for 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h." (p. 214)

  "The moisture content of seeds from all the six lots of seeds varied from 11.8% to 12.3% (Table 1)." (p. 215)

  "It has to be emphasized, however, that the information obtained with the electric conductivity test for coffee seeds have been conflicting." (p. 215)

  "By analyzing the data obtained in the test of color hues of exudates it is noticeable that for all imbibition periods evaluated it is possible to sort the seed lots into different levels of physiological quality (Table 2)." (p. 215)

  "There is actually a negative correlation between the color hues of exudates from coffee seeds and their physiological quality; and the test of exudates color hues is promising for a fast evaluation of the viability of these seeds;" (p. 216)

  "2ration of the seed lots into levels of quality, however, there is still the need of further adjustments on the evaluation criteria." (p. 217)

Attachments

• Full Text
• Hilst et al_2012_Test of exudates color hues for evaluating the physiological potential of2.pdf

Some observations on tetrazolium-testing of coffee seed (Coffea arabica and C. canephora).

Attachments

• Goldbach_Vizcarra_1980_Some observations on tetrazolium-testing of coffee seed (Coffea arabica and C.pdf
• Snapshot

Influence of triacontanol on somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora P. ex Fr.

Attachments

• Ciridhar et al_2004_Influence of triacontanol on somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica L.pdf
• Snapshot

Polyamines influence morphogenesis and caffeine biosynthesis in in vitro cultures of Coffea canephora P. ex Fr.

Attachments

• Kumar et al_2008_Polyamines influence morphogenesis and caffeine biosynthesis in in vitro.pdf
• Snapshot

Somaclonal variation in Coffea arabica: effects of genotype and embryogenic cell suspension age on frequency and phenotype of variants

Attachments

• Etienne_Bertrand_2003_Somaclonal variation in Coffea arabica.pdf
• Snapshot

Somatic Embryogenesis of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica var. Lini-s 795) from Toraja by in Vitro with the Additional of 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-furfurylamino purine (kinetin)

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/11/2021, 2:09:00 PM)

  "Embryogenic callus was successfully induced from arabica coffee leaf explants in all treatments except the control treatment." (p. 82)

  "The most embryogenic callus was produced in the treatment of 0.5 ppm 2.4 D + 0.5 ppm kinetin with a percentage of 98% and the least in the treatment of 1 ppm 2.4 D and 2 ppm kinetin resulted in embryogenic callus that was 80% and embryogenic callus" (p. 82)

  "In subcultures, the most somatic embryos were produced in the treatment of 0.5 ppm 2.4 D and 2 ppm kinetin, namely 68.33 and the least in the treatment of 1 ppm 2.4 D and 0.5 ppm kinetin, namely 25." (p. 82)

Attachments

• Yoas_Johannes_2021_Somatic Embryogenesis of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica var.pdf

In vitro conservation of coffee-tree (Coffea arabica L.) by decreasing mineral salts in the culture medium.

Attachments

• Castilla-Valdes et al_2020_In vitro conservation of coffee-tree (Coffea arabica L.pdf
• Snapshot

Pregerminative treatments in seeds of two species of the Coffea genus.

Notes:

• Coffea seeds were evaluated arabica L. var. Colombia and C. canephora P. var. Robust at 30 harvest days.

  T1) 24 hour immersion;
  T2) sanding plus 24 hour immersion;
  T3) immersion at 40 ° C for one hour;
  T4) immersion 48 hours;
  T5) sanding plus immersion 48 hours.

  Sanding is carried out on one side of the endosperm (water sandpaper No. 100).

  The seeds were sown at a depth of 1 cm in river sand and peat in 1 L trays.

  At 50 days the best combination was observed with T1 and sand (100% PE).

  In C. canephora T2 and sowing in sand, it stood out as the best combination with 19 of DIG.

  Between substrates, sand decreased and the germination period of seeds in Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora , by reducing the days of start of germination, increase speed and percentage of germination.

   

  Very few replications in some trials. n=3

Attachments

• Ortiz-Timoteo et al_2018_Pregerminative treatments in seeds of two species of the Coffea genus.pdf

  Contents

  • bbib0040
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  • Bakhtian2001etal
  • FitterGarbaye1994
  • bhattacharya2002
  • Berta1995etal
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  • Gange2002
  • Miller1995etalB
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  • pearson1999
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• Snapshot

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated efficient targeted mutagenesis has the potential to accelerate the domestication of Coffea canephora

Attachments

• Breitler et al_2018_CRISPR-Cas9-mediated efficient targeted mutagenesis has the potential to.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Algorithm design and bioinformatic analysis
    • Growth and stable genetic transformation of C. canephora clone 197
    • Construction of binary vectors
    • Genomic DNA extraction
    • Detection of mutation
  • Results
    • A genomic web tool to identify all gRNA target sequences and potential off-targets in the coffee genome
    • Strategy for the detection and quantification of the CRISPRCas9-mediated mutagenesis of the C. canephora endogenous gene
    • CRISPRCas9-mediated mutagenesis of the C. canephora PDS gene
    • Phenotype analysis of CcPDS mutants
  • Discussion
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
• Snapshot

In vitro shoot growth, direct organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis promoted by silver nitrate in Coffea dewevrei

Attachments

• Snapshot
• Sridevi_Giridhar_2014_In vitro shoot growth, direct organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis promoted.pdf

Influence of in vitro environment on somatic embryogenesis of Coffea arabica L. cv. Caturra rojo: the effects of carbon dioxide on embryogenic cell suspensions

Attachments

• Barbon et al_2008_Influence of in vitro environment on somatic embryogenesis of Coffea arabica L.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
  • Results and discussion
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
• Snapshot

Field performance and genetic fidelity of micropropagated plants of Coffea canephora (Pierre ex A. Froehner)

Attachments

• Full Text
• Muniswamy et al_2017_Field performance and genetic fidelity of micropropagated plants of Coffea.pdf

Studies on preservation of encapsulated zygotic embryos versus seeds of Coffea canephora.

Attachments

• Snapshot

Minimal growth in vitro conservation of coffee (Coffea spp.)

Attachments

• Bertrand-Desbrunais et al_1991_Minimal growth in vitro conservation of coffee (Coffea spp.pdf

Proteomic analysis of developing somatic embryos of Coffea arabica

Attachments

• Tonietto et al_2012_Proteomic analysis of developing somatic embryos of Coffea arabica.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and Methods
    • Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis
    • Protein Extraction
    • Gel Electrophoresis Analyses
  • Image Analysis
    • Trypsin Digestion and Mass Spectrometry Analysis
  • Results and Discussion
  • References

Comparison of Somatic Embryogenesis-derived Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Plantlets Regenerated in vitro or ex vitro: Morphological, Mineral and Water Characteristics

Attachments

• BARRY-ETIENNE et al_2002_Comparison of Somatic Embryogenesis-derived Coffee (Coffea arabica L.pdf

Cell wall remodelling involving galactomannan de-branching influence Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Coffea canephora somatic embryos

Attachments

• Kumar et al_2018_Cell wall remodelling involving galactomannan de-branching influence.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Media composition
    • Plant materials and tissue culture conditions
    • In vivo test for Agrobacterium adherence and transformation of somatic embryos
    • Ethylene treatment
    • Cell wall isolation
    • Analysis of CWM by thin layer chromatography (TLC)
    • Assay for adherence of A. tumefaciens to cell wall material
    • RNA isolation and quantitative RT-PCR for mannan metabolic genes
    • Stable transformation
    • Statistical analysis
  • Results
    • Silver thiosulphate induces rapid primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis in cotyledonary leaf explants
    • Silver thiosulphate medium induce direct organogenesis from hypocotyl explants
    • Silver thiosulphate induced embryos exhibit stronger GUS signals and higher density of surface adhering Agrobacterium
    • Stable genetic transformation of coffee using STS-derived embryos
    • Selectivity of adherence of A. tumefaciens to the cell wall substratum derived from primary embryos
    • Ethylene action inhibition with different inhibitors has varying effects on cell wall composition
    • Effect of ethylene action inhibitors on the expression of genes involved in mannan metabolism
  • Discussion
  • Acknowledgements
  • References

Somatic embryogenesis and vegetative cutting capacity are under distinct genetic control in Coffea canephora Pierre

Attachments

• Florin et al_2010_Somatic embryogenesis and vegetative cutting capacity are under distinct.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Plant material
  • Methods
    • Somatic embryogenesis procedure
    • Cutting procedure
    • Evaluation of somatic embryogenesis and cutting ability
    • Data observation and recording
    • Statistical analyses
    • Genetic mapping and quantitative trait loci analysis
  • Results
    • Genetic variation for somatic embryogenesis ability
    • Somatic embryogenesis ability of the two hybrid populations
    • Cutting ability of the two hybrid populations
    • Correlation between the somatic embryogenesis and cutting
  • Quantitative trait loci detection
    • Coffee genetic mapping
    • QTLs determination
  • Discussion
    • Somatic embryogenesis and cutting
    • Quantitative trait loci
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References

Complementary conservation strategies for the genus Coffea: A case study of Mascarene Coffea species

Attachments

• Dulloo et al_1998_Complementary conservation strategies for the genus Coffea.pdf

Histological studies on the developmental stages and differentiation of two different somatic embryogenesis systems of Coffea arabica

Attachments

• Quiroz-Figueroa et al_2002_Histological studies on the developmental stages and differentiation of two.pdf

Encapsulation of Immature Somatic Embryos of Coffea arabica L. for in Vitro Preservation

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/11/2021, 2:48:57 PM)

  "The collection of leaves from the apical (AL) or middle (ML) parts of the mother plants, as explant source, was carried out in eight-month-old coffee plants (C. arabica) that showed phenotypic resistance to CLR in plots located in the town of Sajonia, municipality of La Concordia, Chiapas, Mexico (latitude of 15.834722'N, longitude of−92.940833'W and an altitude of 740 m above sea level)." (p. 1742)

  "Mexico (latitude of 15.834722'N, longitude of−92.940833'W and an altitude of 740 m above sea level).imycin (5 g · L−1) solutions, or a Captan-Agrimycin mixture (5 g · L−1, each), as a previous disinfection step to reduce contamination of explants." (p. 1742)

  "Once the leaves were collected from mother plants, they were disinfected with a modification of the protocol of [7], as follows: leaves were washed with liquid soap (trichloro® Axion, 10 min) and then placed in an antioxidant/fungicide solution (30 g · L−1 sucrose, 150 mg · L−1 citric acid, 100 mg · L−1 ascorbic acid, 2.5 g · L−1 Captan® and 1 g · L−1 Agrimycin®) to taken them to plant biotechnology laboratory of the Intituto Tencnologico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas (approximately 3-4 h)." (p. 1742)

  "The collected leaves were disinfected with 30% commercial chlorine (10 min) and 70% ethanol (5 min)." (p. 1742)

  "Leaf explants of approximately 1.5 cm2 were cut eliminating the midrib of the AL and ML leaves and then placed in semi-solid culture medium MS + 1 mg · L−1 2,4-D and 2 mg · L−1 of BA, 30 g · L−1 sucrose, [8] pH of 5.7 ± 1, with 2.5 g · L−1 phytagel and incubated at 26 ± 2°C in the dark." (p. 1742)

  "After 45 days in darkness, the explants with developing calluses were moved to a photoperiod of 16/8 light/dark hours." (p. 1742)

  "For encapsulation, embryos in the globular stage were isolated from embryogenic callus with 45 days of induction, under a stereoscope-microscope (Luxed 4D, LABOMED)." (p. 1743)

  "The encapsulation process was carried out by suspending somatic embryos in a sodium alginate solution, consisting in 3% sodium alginate (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) in MS medium, with different PGR (Treatment 1: 5 mg · L−1 BA and 1 mg · L−1 IAA; Treatment 2: 7 mg · L−1 BA and 5.7 mg · L−1 IAA)." (p. 1743)

  "eatment 1: 5 mg · L BA and 1 mg · L IAA;- embedded embryos were taken with a micropipette and added to a 100 mM CaCl2 solution, as a complexing agent [9]." (p. 1743)

  "After 30 min of stirring, encapsulated embryos were decanted and rinsed with sterile distilled water." (p. 1743)

  "For viability studies, encapsulated embryos (artificial seeds) were stored either in empty Petri dishes at 4.0 ± 1°C [10] or in vitro in the germination medium (MS with 3 mg · L−1 of GA3)." (p. 1743)

  "Evaluating the effect of explant position in the culture medium, on callus formation, revealed that putting the adaxial side of the leaves in contact with the culture medium gave a better response (100% in both AL and ML) than putting the abaxial side (~17% in AL and 0% in ML)." (p. 1746)

  "In the present work, a 100% of embryo viability was obtained after 45 days of storage at 4°C." (p. 1747)

  "These results are consistent with results found in the present work, where embryos in the globular stage were encapsulated but no germination was observed, even when encapsulation did not affect their viability." (p. 1747)

  "However, it is necessary to further evaluate if encapsulation of embryos at more advanced stages could improve their germination capacity." (p. 1747)

Attachments

• Arias-Perez et al_2021_Encapsulation of Immature Somatic Embryos of Coffea arabica L.pdf
• Snapshot

Effect of Trichoderma, Azotobacter and mycorrhizas as stimulatory agents and control of Rhizoctonia solani in the production of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seedlings.

Attachments

• Snapshot

New insights into somatic embryogenesis: LEAFY COTYLEDON1, BABY BOOM1 and WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX4 are epigenetically regulated in Coffea canephora

Attachments

• Full Text
• Nic-Can et al_2013_New insights into somatic embryogenesis.pdf

Differential gene expression during somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica L., revealed by RT-PCR differential display

Attachments

• Rojas-Herrera et al_2002_Differential gene expression during somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica L.pdf
• Snapshot

Un exemple de transfert de technologie réussi dans le domaine de la micropropagation: la multiplication de Coffea arabica par embryogenèse somatique

Attachments

• Etienne et al_2012_Un exemple de transfert de technologie reussi dans le domaine de la.pdf

Effect of plant growth regulators on root development in Coffea arabica L. 'Rubi' seeds grown in vitro

Attachments

• Lacerda et al_2008_Influencia de reguladores de crescimento no desenvolvimento radicular de.pdf
• Snapshot

Stable transformation and direct regeneration in Coffea canephora P ex. Fr. by Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation without hairy-root phenotype

Attachments

• Kumar et al_2006_Stable transformation and direct regeneration in Coffea canephora P ex.pdf
• Snapshot

Evaluation of somatic embryogenesis ability in robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre)

Attachments

• Priyono_2010_Evaluation of somatic embryogenesis ability in robusta coffee (Coffea canephora.pdf
• Snapshot

Primary and secondary somatic enbryogenesis in leaf sections and cell suspensins of coffea arabica cv. catimor

Attachments

• Full Text
• Silva et al_2005_Primary and secondary somatic enbryogenesis in leaf sections and cell.pdf

Machine learning algorithms for forecasting the incidence of Coffea arabica pests and diseases

Attachments

• de Oliveira Aparecido et al_2020_Machine learning algorithms for forecasting the incidence of Coffea arabica.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Material and methods
    • Study area
    • Weather variables
    • Climatic characterization of regions
    • Field pest and diseases assessment
    • Machine learning methods
    • Model evaluation
  • Results and discussion
    • Climate variability analyzes
    • Correlation between climate and disease/pest
    • Algorithm evaluation
  • Conclusions
  • References
• Snapshot

Acceleration of the formation of seedlings of Coffea arabica L. cv" Topaz" as a function of the removal of the seed parchment.

Attachments

• Snapshot

Effect of storage conditions on viability and vigour of coffee seeds (Coffea arabica).

Attachments

• Snapshot

Effect of the inoculation density in Coffea arabica L. cv.'Caturra rojo'somatic embryos germination in RITA® Temporary Immersion System.

Attachments

• Barbon et al_2014_Efecto de la densidad de inoculacion en la germinacion de embriones somaticos.pdf
• Snapshot

Physiological and biochemical alterations in artifically aged coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seeds.

Attachments

• Snapshot

Effect of mineral salts, vitamins and gelling agents on somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica L.'Catuai'

Attachments

• Simoes-Costa et al_2010_Effect of mineral salts, vitamins and gelling agents on somatic embryogenesis.pdf
• Snapshot

A high-throughput method for early screening of coffee (Coffea spp.) genotypes for resistance to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)

Attachments

• Snapshot
• Villain et al_2010_A high-throughput method for early screening of coffee (Coffea spp.pdf

Localization and transport of indole-3-acetic acid during somatic embryogenesis in Coffea canephora

Attachments

• Marquez-Lopez et al_2018_Localization and transport of indole-3-acetic acid during somatic embryogenesis.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Plant material and somatic embryogenesis induction
    • Treatments with TIBA
    • Histological and histochemical analyses
    • Immunolocalization assays
  • Results
    • Induction and histology of somatic embryogenesis in C.’canephora
    • Immunolocalization of IAA intracellular accumulation sites during the preconditioning and progression of somatic embryogenesis
    • Immunolocalization of PIN transporters
    • Effect of the inhibition of polar auxin transport by TIBA on somatic embryogenesis in C.’canephora
  • Discussion
  • References
• Snapshot

Physiological quality of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seeds during storage.

Attachments

• Snapshot

A protocol for regenerating genetically stable coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantlets through direct somatic embryogenesis

Attachments

• Mayoli et al_2019_A protocol for regenerating genetically stable coffee (Coffea arabica L.pdf

Analysis of Genome Size of Sixteen Coffea arabica Cultivars Using Flow Cytometry

Attachments

• Full Text
• Ortega-Ortega et al_2019_Analysis of Genome Size of Sixteen Coffea arabica Cultivars Using Flow Cytometry.pdf

Longevity equation for coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.).

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/12/2021, 3:21:44 PM)

  "The coffee seeds did not behave as orthodox seeds, as indicated by the non linear variations of the logarithm of σ as a function of the variations of the logarithm of the seed moisture content." (p. 288)

Attachments

• Sinicio_2011_Longevity equation for coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.pdf
• Snapshot

Influence of seed moisture content, packing and storage environment on the conservation of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seed.

Attachments

• Snapshot

In vitro conservation of zygotic embryos of Coffea arabica L.

Attachments

• Snapshot

Development of Coffea arabica L. seedling obtained from direct somatic embryogenesis

Attachments

• de Rezende et al_2008_Development of Coffea arabica L.pdf
• Snapshot

Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase inhibitors stimulate 2iP to induce direct somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/11/2021, 6:12:22 PM)

  "The newly designed compounds 1-(2-(2-Hydroxyethyl) phenyl)-3-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)urea (3TFM-2HE) and 1-(3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-3-(2-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenyl)urea (3TFM,5Br-2HE) are two diphenylurea derivatives that were selected as very strong inhibitors of Arabidopsis thaliana AtCKX2 and maize (Zea mays) ZmCKX1, ZmCKX4a and ZmCKX8 enzymes (Nisler et al. 2020)." (p. 196)

  "cyto-s model plant for the first time allowed us to reveal the synergistic effect of CKX inhibitors and 2iP on somatic embryogenesis." (p. 199)

  "In this and embryogenic competence for recalcitrant crops. viable embryos in a shorter time, which opens the possibility to improve embryo turnover and offers a tool for coffee breeders and researchers. In general, compounds that can modulate cytokinin levels can positively affect plant tissue culture and perhaps improve modern plant biotechnology." (p. 199)

Attachments

• Murvanidze et al_2021_Cytokinin oxidase-dehydrogenase inhibitors stimulate 2iP to induce direct.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Plant material and somatic embryogenesis induction
    • Direct somatic embryogenesis induction
    • Somatic embryos maturation and regeneration
    • Histological study
    • Experimental design and data analysis
  • Results and discussion
  • Conclusion
  • Acknowledgement
  • References
• Snapshot

Transcriptome analysis of the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Coffea canephora and the participation of ARF and Aux/IAA genes

Attachments

• Full Text
• Quintana-Escobar et al_2019_Transcriptome analysis of the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Coffea.pdf

An assessment of the genetic integrity of ex situ germplasm collections of three endangered species of Coffea from Madagascar: implications for the management of field germplasm collections

Attachments

• Krishnan et al_2013_An assessment of the genetic integrity of ex situ germplasm collections of.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Plant material
    • DNA extraction and molecular markers
    • Analysis of genetic diversity
    • Analysis of population genetic structure
    • Parentage analysis
  • Results
    • Genetic diversity
      • Coffea kianjavatensis
      • Coffea montis-sacri
      • Coffea vatovavyensis
    • Population genetic structure
    • Parentage analyses
      • Coffea kianjavatensis
      • Coffea montis-sacri
  • Discussion
    • Genetic diversity
    • Parentage analysis
    • Conservation and management implications
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
• Snapshot

Obtaining of cell suspensions and somatic embryos of coffee (Coffea canephora P.) using of bacterial metabolites

Attachments

• Full Text
• Vega et al_2011_Obtaining of cell suspensions and somatic embryos of coffee (Coffea canephora P.pdf

Initial seed moisture content, storage temperature and storage duration influenced arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seedling performances.

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/11/2021, 6:30:16 PM)

  "at an altitude of 1750 meters above sea level, 70 46" N, latitude, and 36047" E longitude in the sub humid tropical belt of south western Ethiopia." (p. 279)

  "Average annual rain fall of the area is 1594 mm with 67% mean relative humidity. The mean minimum and maximum temperatures are about 11.60C and 26.30C respectively. The soil of the center has a characteristic of reddish to reddish brown clay nature, where eruticnitosols and chronic cambisols are dominant types with pH range of 5 to 6." (p. 279)

  "fully ripe red cherries were harvested from selected mother trees in the seed orchard of cultivar 74110" (p. 279)

  "The cherries were sorted out and pulped in a hand pulp separator. After pulping the selected cherries, the wet parchment beans were again sorted out, thoroughly washed, and taken to drying room, hut made of grass roof." (p. 279)

  "Then the wet parchment coffee was laid on wire mesh for drying under shade and when its skin dried dressed in fine wood ash following the JARC conventional practice and kept till it attained the desired four levels of moisture contents (27, 22, 17 and 12% [fresh weight base])." (p. 279)

  "All tested seed and seedling growth parameters were highest at initial time of storage and declined progressively with storage time." (p. 282)

  "After third month seed quality drastically reduced especially under ambient storage condition." (p. 282)

  "Seed stored under cold condition recorded minimum qualitative losses with better seed quality parameters throughout the storage period as compared to seeds stored under ambient condition. Seeds stored in cold condition maintained viability and vigor for longer period with minimum deterioration in seed quality." (p. 282)

  "Seeds with 27% initial moisture content showed higher performances at initial storage time but when aged drastically declined." (p. 282)

  "Seeds dried to 22% followed by 17% initial moisture contents maintained higher germination, seedling emergence and early seedling growth parameters and stored at relatively lower temperatures. If stored under ambient condition should not be stored for longer than two to three months." (p. 282)

  "Hence, for storing coffee seeds, it is advisable drying the seeds to about 17% to 22% moisture contents and keep under storage with relatively lower temperatures (at about 15oC) for not more than five or sixmonths of storage is advisable." (p. 283)

  "For immediate sowing of coffee seeds higher seed moisture content of 27% may be used for better seed germination and early growth potentials that result in vigorous seedling." (p. 283)

  "The experiments conducted so far in this area are not sufficient to draw a reliable conclusion. Since, the present study was done for a single cultivar (74110) and under Jimma conditions further experiment needs to be conducted for varieties at different environmental conditions with narrower ranges of seed initial moisture content and storage temperatures." (p. 283)

Attachments

• Nasiro_2020_Initial seed moisture content, storage temperature and storage duration.pdf
• Snapshot

Validation of reference genes for qPCR analysis of Coffea arabica L. somatic embryogenesis-related tissues

Attachments

• Freitas et al_2017_Validation of reference genes for qPCR analysis of Coffea arabica L.pdf

  Contents

  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
    • Somatic embryogenesis
    • Experimental design
    • Extraction of total RNA and cDNA synthesis
    • Selection of candidate reference genes and design of primers
    • qPCR amplification
    • Analysis of expression stability of candidate reference genes
    • Validation of reference genes by BBM expression analysis
  • Results
    • Specificity and efficiency of primers
    • Levels of expression of candidate reference genes
    • Expression stability of candidate reference genes
    • Optimal number of reference genes
    • Reference genes validation
  • Discussion
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
• Snapshot

Metabolomic markers for the early selection of coffea canephora plants with desirable cup quality traits

Attachments

• Gamboa-Becerra et al_2019_Metabolomic markers for the early selection of coffea canephora plants with.pdf
• Snapshot

Induction of somatic embryos of Coffea arabica genotypes by 6-benzyladenine

Attachments

• de Almeida_Silvarolla_2009_Induction of somatic embryos of Coffea arabica genotypes by 6-benzyladenine.pdf

Transformation of coffee (Coffea Arabica L. cv. Catimor) with the cry1ac gene by biolistic, without the use of markers

Attachments

• Guglielmo-Croquer et al_2010_Transformation of coffee (Coffea Arabica L.pdf

Wild Coffea arabica L. in Afromontane rainforests of Ethiopia: distribution, ecology and conservation

Attachments

• Senbeta et al_2007_Wild Coffea arabica L.pdf

Influence of Biochar and Poultry Manure on Weed Infestation and Growth of Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica) Seedlings

Notes:

• Extracted Annotations (10/11/2021, 6:58:39 PM)

  "nursery is located between latitude 5°14'-5°48' N and longitude 10°27'-10°47' E at an altitude of 1100 m above sea level. The area has a montane tropical climate characterised by unimodal annual rainfall distribution of 1713 mm with average temperatures of 21 0C. The soil at the experimental site was an andosol soil type, according to the world reference base for soil classification." (p. 11)

  "Shading net made from nylon with light intensity 50% was used as shading in the nursery." (p. 11)

  "The treatment consisted of a mixture of biochar (0, 20, 30 and 40 tons ha-1) and poultry manure (PM) (recommended 40 tons ha-1application rate)." (p. 11)

  "Biochar was produced under fast pyrolysis at 450 0C with the resident time of 52 min from corn cobs and ricehusk using an Elsa pyrolysis barrel [20, 25]. The biochar was later milled to pass through a 2 mm sieve." (p. 11)

  "Seedlings of Coffea arabica L. cv. Marcellesa with well-developed and straight tap roots were transplanted in to 10 x 20 cm polythene bags at the matchstick or cotyledon (butterfly) stage." (p. 11)

  "All pots were fertilized with urea (46 % N: 0: 0) at 2g/pot in two equal splits i.e. at 12 weeks after planting and 12 weeks later in accordance with the farming practice." (p. 11)

  "At three months after planting, foliar was applied to all pots at 60 g/10 L of water every 15 days until the leaves become dark green." (p. 11)

  "Results in Figure 1 show significant differences in the coffee seedling growth parameters amongst treatments. The coffee seedlings fertilized with biochar and poultry manure treatments had relatively higher (P < 0.05) average number of leaves per plant probably due to the production of many leaves on plagiotropic branches, followed by seedlings fertilised 40 t/ha-1 biochar and 40 t/ha-1 poultry manure which exhibited a non-significant difference in the average number of leaves per plant Figure 1a." (p. 13)

  "The study shows that, the combination of biochar with poultry manure is advantageous over the sole poultry manure amendment providing evidence for biochar poultry manure synergism [11, 31]." (p. 14)

  "According to Schulz and Glaser [9] it could be expected that, poultry manure treatment was rapidly mineralized compared to poultry manure biochar mixtures where nutrient retention was significantly more efficient." (p. 14)

  "Generally, weed infestation was significantly higher (P < 0.05) and more severe in the control (sole 40t/ha-1 poultry manure) treatment compared to the biochar fertilized treatments Figure 2." (p. 14)

  "The results of this study suggest the ability of biochar to reduce weed interference in coffee nurseries." (p. 15)

  "The slow coffee seedling growth from soils amended with 30 and 40t/ha-1 biochar may also be due to the high pH of the biochar (pH 10.42)." (p. 16)

  "The observed significant low weed biomass in the 20t/ha-1 biochar + 40t/ha-1 poultry manure compared to the sole 40t/ha-1 poultry treatment could be due to the formation of a canopy as a result of rapid vegetative growth of the coffee seedlings, providing shade that reduced the growth of important weeds species [27]." (p. 17)

  "The relatively low weed biomass and control efficiency values observed in the 30 and 40t/ha-1 biochar treatment pots could be due to the general slow growth of plants and weed species in these treatments which also explains the reduction in coffee height, leaf area index and stem diameter Figure 1." (p. 17)

  "The application of 20t/ha-1 biochar and 40t/ha-1 poultry manure were observed as the optimum agronomic interventions to harness best foliage production and also reducing weed infestation in coffee nurseries." (p. 17)

Attachments

• Billa et al_2019_Influence of Biochar and Poultry Manure on Weed Infestation and Growth of.pdf

Coffea arabica L. cv Rubi seedlings formation from seeds or berries at different developmental stages

Notes:

• The experiment was carried out in the nursery of the Sector of Coffee Growing/DAG at UFLA, from June to December 2003. Fruits and seeds from Coffea arabica L. cv. Ruby, collected in an experimental field of the University.

  Sowing was carried out in the month of May 2002 consisting of the following treatments: 1) fruits in the green stadium; 2) fruits in the green stage, ten days after the harvest, kept at room temperature; 3) fruits in the green cane stadium; 4) fruits in the green cane stage, ten days after harvest, kept at room temperature; 5) fruits at the cherry stage; 6) cherry seeds pulped in a manual pulper and demucilated by natural fermentation in water at 30ºC for 24 hours, washed and dried to 15% water content; 7) fruit seeds- cherry pulped in a manual pulper and mucilated by natural fermentation in water at 30ºC for 24 hours, washed and dried up to 15% and without parchment; 8) seeds of pulped cherry fruits in a manual pulper and demucilled by natural fermentation in water at 30°C per 24 hours, washed and dried to 15% water content and pre- soaked in water for six days; and 9) fruit seeds cherry pulped in a manual pulper and mucilated by natural fermentation in water at 30ºC for 24 hours, washed and dried up to 15%, without parchment and pre- soaked in water for six days.

  Perforated polyethylene bags were used in the dimensions of 11 x 22 cm, and standard substrate (CFSMG, 1999) consisting of earth, manure, simple superphosphate and potassium chloride.

  After purging the substrate with methyl bromide (GUIMARÃES & MENDES, 1998) and the preparation of the bags, proceeded to direct seeding, by sowing two seeds or one fruit per bag, the which were covered with two centimeters of substrate.

  It is observed by the percentage data of emergence, that seedlings originating from unripe fruits were statistically lower and the other treatments showed no significant differences for this evaluation. These treatments differed only by the speed with which the seeds emerged from the ground.

  The best physiological performance of seeds no parchment was found in all evaluations seedling development.

  Another fact observed in this study was the performance of seedlings originated from fruits at the stage cane green, which were statistically equal to the best treatment (seeds without parchment), in almost all assessments (Table 2).

Attachments

• Rosa et al_2007_Coffea arabica L.pdf
• Snapshot
• Table 1.png

Indução De Brotações in Vitro Em Segmentos Nodais De Coffea Arabica L.

Attachments

• Palu et al_2005_Inducao De Brotacoes in Vitro Em Segmentos Nodais De Coffea Arabica L.pdf

Growth Response of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Cultivars to Various Transplanting Methods at Bonga, South Western Ethiopia

Attachments

• Ibrahim et al_2015_Growth Response of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.pdf